PARADIGMAL MODELS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF FREE WILL IN MODERN PHILOSOPHICAL DISCOURSE

Abstract

Introduction. The article presents an attempt to describe the contours of the debate on free will. An overview of competing points of view regarding the nature and role of free will consciousness is offered. The problem of choice is determined as an internal precondition for freedom. The ideas of D. Dennett, P. van Invagen, R. Kane, J. Kim, D. Perebum, J. Fischer and G. Frankfurt are described in the framework of analytical philosophy. The article does not provide definitive solutions to the problem; the author offers the arguments in favour of different existing positions of supporters or opponents of free will. Confronting and analyzing different options for considering a problem contributes to a broader understanding of the problem. The article clarifies a number of points regarding the metaphysical strongholds that lead to the consideration of the problem of free will.

The purpose of this article is to give a comprehensive account of the existing positions regarding free will in contemporary philosophical discourse.

Research methods: textual analysis of sources, abstraction, theoretical construction, the method of comparative studies.

Results. Modern studies of free will bring people closer to understanding their own essence and the processes that influence decision-making and, possibly, decision-making. The variety of approaches offered by the analytic philosophy of the late 20^th - early 21^st centuries to solve the problem of freedom allows to determine the nature of free will, personality, and anthropological implications for ethical theory. The study of the analytical philosophy of consciousness opens the way to rethinking the processes of free will.

Originality. This article is an element of the complex puzzle of contemporary discussions about free will, which is especially popular in the English-speaking environment of analytical philosophers. The systematization and comparative review of available paradigms of free will introduces the reader to the most common approaches to understanding the problem.

Conclusions. Understanding the human will nature and determining the conditions for its existence are important for realizing the psycho-physical problem and may be useful in discussions of “strong” and “weak” artificial intelligence.